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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">communicology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Коммуникология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Communicology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-3065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-3332</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МАК</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21453/2311-3065-2022-10-4-23-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">communicology-297</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИАКОММУНИКАЦИИ И ЖУРНАЛИСТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MEDIACOMMUNICATIONS AND JOURNALISM</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дихотомия личного и общественного в виртуальных сообществах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dichotomy of the Personal and the Public in Virtual Communities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарков</surname><given-names>Ф. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharkov</surname><given-names>F. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Шарков Феликс Изосимович – доктор социологических наук, профессор, заслуженный деятель науки Российской Федерации, профессор кафедры социологии, заведующий кафедрой общественных связей и медиаполитики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Sharkov Felix Izosimovich – DSc (Soc.), Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russia, Professor of the Department of Sociology, Head of the Department of Public Relations and Media Policy </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sharkov_felix@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кириллина</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirillina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Кириллина Наталья Владимировна – кандидат социологических наук, доцент кафедры общественных связей и медиаполитики </p><p> Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Kirillina Natalya Vladimirovna – CandSc (Soc.), AssociateProfessor at the Department of Public Relations and Media Policy </p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nata.kirillina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный институт международных отношений МИД России (МГИМО); Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации (РАНХиГС)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO – University); Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации (РАНХиГС)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шарков Ф.И., Кириллина Н.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шарков Ф.И., Кириллина Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sharkov F.I., Kirillina N.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.communicology.ru/jour/article/view/297">https://www.communicology.ru/jour/article/view/297</self-uri><abstract><p>Рукопись посвящена изучению характеристик сетевых сообществ в виртуальном пространстве. Основу материала составляет обзор научных источников, посвященных собственно социальным взаимодействиям внутри сообществ – онлайн и офлайн. Определены их ключевые характеристики, сходства и различия между ними. Проведенный анализ источников позволяет предположить, что сетевые и реальные  сообщества во многом схожи по своим признакам, и что виртуальные сообщества как самоорганизующиеся сети интерактивного взаимодействия, как и реальные социальные общности, формируются на основе общих интересов и целей их участников. При этом реальные и виртуальные сообщества находятся в одном социальном пространстве, виртуальные сообщества принимают некоторые характеристики традиционных, и наоборот. Возможность дополнения или замещения пространственных связей в реальных сообществах виртуальным взаимодействием формирует так называемые конвергентные сообщества. Как и виртуальные, они характеризуются высокой эмоциональной вовлеченностью членов сообщества в коммуникативный процесс, но утрачивают часть традиционно присущих сообществам свойств, обусловленных единой территорией, историей, культурой и обладают высоким потенциалом к формированию измененной, вириальной среды взаимодействия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper is dedicated to the characteristics of online communities in the virtual space. The study is based on the review of manuscripts on social interactions within online and offline communities in social reading of this term, and represents the key characteristics, similarities and differences of interaction in such communities. The analysis of sources suggests that online and real (offline) communities are largely similar in their features, and that virtual communities as self-organizing networks of interactive interaction, like real social communities, are formed on the basis of the common interests and goals of their participants. Real and virtual communities are located in the same social space, virtual communities take on some characteristics of traditional ones, and vice versa. The possibility of supplementing or replacing spatial connections in real communities with virtual interaction forms the socalled convergent communities. Like virtual ones, they are characterized by a high emotional involvement of community members in the communication process, but at the same time, they lose some of the properties traditionally inherent in communities due to a single territory, history, culture, and have a high potential to form a modified, virtual environment of interaction.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сообщество</kwd><kwd>виртуальное сообщество</kwd><kwd>сетевое сообщество</kwd><kwd>социальное взаимодействие</kwd><kwd>цифровая среда</kwd><kwd>конвергенция</kwd><kwd>цифровое пространство</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>community</kwd><kwd>virtual community</kwd><kwd>online community</kwd><kwd>social interaction</kwd><kwd>digital environment</kwd><kwd>convergence</kwd><kwd>digital space</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Asmolov A.G. (2009). 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