<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">communicology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Коммуникология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Communicology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2311-3065</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2311-3332</issn><publisher><publisher-name>МАК</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21453/2311-3065-2020-8-2-156-167</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">communicology-75</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОЦИОЛОГИЯ КУЛЬТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIOLOGY OF CULTURE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Торговые марки в свете теоремы Томаса: модель онтологии социального феномена</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Trademarks in the Light of the Thomas Theorem: a model of a social object ontology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабич</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babich</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батыков</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batykov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научно-исследовательский социологический центр РАН<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>155</fpage><lpage>166</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бабич Н.С., Батыков И.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бабич Н.С., Батыков И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Babich N.S., Batykov I.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.communicology.ru/jour/article/view/75">https://www.communicology.ru/jour/article/view/75</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается вопрос о причинах существования такого социального феномена, как торговые марки. Анализируются три доминирующие функциональные объяснения: «рационалистическое», «стратификационное» и «семантическое». Рационалистическая модель описывает торговую марку с точки зрения идентификации источника товара (торговая марка позволяет потребителю опознавать товар определенного производителя). Стратификационное объяснение определяет функцию торговой марки с точки зрения демонстративного поддержания социальной дифференциации и распределения престижа. Семантический подход акцентирует внимание на торговой марке как на «ментальной ячейке в архиве памяти потребителя», которая содержит информацию о товаре и связанных с ним ассоциациях. Для всех трех подходов характерны общие проблемы функционального объяснения, а именно: логический круг и внутренняя связь с гомеостатическим образом социальной системы. Для преодоления этих проблем авторы предлагают подход к социальной онтологии торговых марок, основанный на известной «теореме Томаса», которая позволяет устанавливать причинные связи между субъективным и объективным миром на основе постулирования равенства между реальностью и восприятием на уровне формирования человеческих действий. Авторы демонстрируют объяснительные возможности «теоремы Томаса» на примере самоисполняющихся пророчеств, которые могут быть наблюдаемы в практике использования торговых марок, рассматривая рационалистическую, престижную и семантическую функции торговых марок сквозь призму данного принципа</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper considers the reasons for the existence of trademarks as a social phenomenon. The authors reveal three dominant functional explanations: rationalistic, stratification and semantic. A rationalistic model describes a trademark in terms of identifying the source of the goods (the trademark allows the consumer to identify the goods of a particular manufacturer). The stratification explanation defines the function of the trademark in terms of demonstratively maintaining social differentiation and the distribution of prestige. The semantic approach focuses on the trademark as a mental cell in the consumer’s memory archive, which contains information about the product and its associations. All three approaches are characterized by common problems of functional explanation, namely: the logical circle and internal connection with the homeostatic image of the social system. To overcome these problems, the authors propose an approach to the social ontology of trademarks based on the well-known “Thomas theorem”, which allows to establish causal relationships between the subjective and objective world on the basis of the postulation of equality between reality and perception at the level of formation of human actions. The authors demonstrate the explanatory power of the “Thomas theorem” on example of self-fulfilling prophecies that can be observed in the practice of using trademarks, considering the rationalistic, prestigious and semantic functions of trademarks through the prism of this principle</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>торговые марки</kwd><kwd>социальная онтология</kwd><kwd>причинность</kwd><kwd>функционализм в социологии</kwd><kwd>теорема Томаса</kwd><kwd>самоисполняющееся пророчество</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>trademarks</kwd><kwd>social ontology</kwd><kwd>causality</kwd><kwd>functionalism in sociology</kwd><kwd>Thomas theorem</kwd><kwd>self-fulfilling prophecy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аакер Д. (2003). Создание сильных брендов. М.: Издательский дом Гребенникова.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Аакер Д. (2003). Создание сильных брендов. М.: Издательский дом Гребенникова.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бауман З. (2008). Текучая современность. СПб.: Питер.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Бауман З. (2008). Текучая современность. СПб.: Питер.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бодрийяр Ж. (2006). Общество потребления. М.: Республика.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Бодрийяр Ж. (2006). Общество потребления. М.: Республика.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Будон Р. (1998). Социальные механизмы без «черных ящиков» // Социология на пороге XXI века / под ред. С.И. Григорьева. М.: Интеллект. С. 109-128.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Будон Р. (1998). Социальные механизмы без «черных ящиков» // Социология на пороге XXI века / под ред. С.И. Григорьева. М.: Интеллект. С. 109-128.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Веркман К.Д. (1986). Товарные знаки. М.: Прогресс.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Веркман К.Д. (1986). Товарные знаки. М.: Прогресс.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Веселов Ю.В. (1998). Экономическая социология постмодерна // Журнал социологии и социальной антропологии. № 1. С. 72-80.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Веселов Ю.В. (1998). Экономическая социология постмодерна // Журнал социологии и социальной антропологии. № 1. С. 72-80.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гофман И. (2003). Анализ фреймов: эссе об организации повседневного опыта. М.: Институт социологии РАН.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Гофман И. (2003). Анализ фреймов: эссе об организации повседневного опыта. М.: Институт социологии РАН.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гумплович Л. (2010). Основы социологии. М.: Либроком.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Гумплович Л. (2010). Основы социологии. М.: Либроком.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дюркгейм Э. (1991). О разделении общественного труда. Метод социологии. М.: Наука.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Дюркгейм Э. (1991). О разделении общественного труда. Метод социологии. М.: Наука.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ельмслев Л. (2006). Пролегомены к теории языка. М.: КомКнига.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ельмслев Л. (2006). Пролегомены к теории языка. М.: КомКнига.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ильин В.И. (2005). Общество потребления: теоретическая модель и российская реальность // Мир России. Социология. Этнология. №. 2. С. 3-40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ильин В.И. (2005). Общество потребления: теоретическая модель и российская реальность // Мир России. Социология. Этнология. №. 2. С. 3-40.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Келлер К.Л. (2005). Стратегический брэнд-менеджмент. М.: Вильямс.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Келлер К.Л. (2005). Стратегический брэнд-менеджмент. М.: Вильямс.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мертон Р. (2006). Социальная теория и социальная структура. М.: АСТ.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мертон Р. (2006). Социальная теория и социальная структура. М.: АСТ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ритцер Д. (2011). Макдональдизация общества 5. М.: Праксис.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ритцер Д. (2011). Макдональдизация общества 5. М.: Праксис.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смит Г.В. (2010). Оценка товарных знаков. М.: Квинто-консалтинг.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Смит Г.В. (2010). Оценка товарных знаков. М.: Квинто-консалтинг.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сорокин П.А. (1920). Система социологии. Т. 1. Петроград: Колос.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Сорокин П.А. (1920). Система социологии. Т. 1. Петроград: Колос.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тернер Д. (1985). Структура социологической теории. М.: Прогресс.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Тернер Д. (1985). Структура социологической теории. М.: Прогресс.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чармэссон Г. (1999). Торговая марка. СПб.: Питер.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Чармэссон Г. (1999). Торговая марка. СПб.: Питер.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чернатони Л., МакДональд М. (2006). Как создать мощный бренд. М.: Юнити-Дана.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Чернатони Л., МакДональд М. (2006). Как создать мощный бренд. М.: Юнити-Дана.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ball D.W. (1972). ‘The definition of situation’: Some theoretical and methodological consequences of taking W.I. Thomas seriously // Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour. No. 1. P. 61-82.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ball D.W. (1972). ‘The definition of situation’: Some theoretical and methodological consequences of taking W.I. Thomas seriously // Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour. No. 1. P. 61-82.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coombe R.J. (1996). Embodied trademarks: Mimesis and alterity on American commercial frontiers // Cultural anthropology. No. 2. P. 202-224.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coombe R.J. (1996). Embodied trademarks: Mimesis and alterity on American commercial frontiers // Cultural anthropology. No. 2. P. 202-224.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Coombe R.J. (1998). The cultural life of intellectual properties: Authorship, appropriation, and the law. Durham: Duke University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Coombe R.J. (1998). The cultural life of intellectual properties: Authorship, appropriation, and the law. Durham: Duke University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Crutch S.J., Warrington E.K. (2004). The semantic organisation of proper nouns: the case of people and brand names // Neuropsychologia. No. 5. P. 584-596.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Crutch S.J., Warrington E.K. (2004). The semantic organisation of proper nouns: the case of people and brand names // Neuropsychologia. No. 5. P. 584-596.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dreyfuss R.C. (1989). Expressive genericity: trademarks as language in the Pepsi generation // Notre Dame law review. No. 3. P. 397-424.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dreyfuss R.C. (1989). Expressive genericity: trademarks as language in the Pepsi generation // Notre Dame law review. No. 3. P. 397-424.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giddens A. (1993). New rules of sociological method. Stanford: Stanford University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giddens A. (1993). New rules of sociological method. Stanford: Stanford University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gontijo P.F.D., Zhang S. (2007). The mental representation of brand names: Are brand names a class by themselves? // Psycholinguistic phenomena in marketing communications / Ed. by T.M. Lowrey. New-Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. P. 23-37.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gontijo P.F.D., Zhang S. (2007). The mental representation of brand names: Are brand names a class by themselves? // Psycholinguistic phenomena in marketing communications / Ed. by T.M. Lowrey. New-Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. P. 23-37.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grassi W. (1998). The reality of brands: towards an ontology of marketing // American journal of economics and sociology. No. 2. P. 313-359.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grassi W. (1998). The reality of brands: towards an ontology of marketing // American journal of economics and sociology. No. 2. P. 313-359.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hedström P. (2005). Dissecting the social: on the principles of analytical sociology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hedström P. (2005). Dissecting the social: on the principles of analytical sociology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holt D.B. (2006). Toward a sociology of branding // Journal of consumer culture. No. 3. P. 299-302.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holt D.B. (2006). Toward a sociology of branding // Journal of consumer culture. No. 3. P. 299-302.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hovland R., Wolburg J.M. (2015). Advertising, society, and consumer culture. London: Routledge.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hovland R., Wolburg J.M. (2015). Advertising, society, and consumer culture. London: Routledge.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Isajiw W.W. (1998). Causation and functionalism in sociology. London: Routledge.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Isajiw W.W. (1998). Causation and functionalism in sociology. London: Routledge.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim J. (1993). Supervenience and mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim J. (1993). Supervenience and mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lantos G.P. (2010). Consumer behavior in action. London: ME Sharpe.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lantos G.P. (2010). Consumer behavior in action. London: ME Sharpe.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mendonça S., Pereira T.S., Godinho M.M. (2004). Trademarks as an indicator of innovation and industrial change // Research policy. No. 9. P. 1385-1404.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mendonça S., Pereira T.S., Godinho M.M. (2004). Trademarks as an indicator of innovation and industrial change // Research policy. No. 9. P. 1385-1404.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Metzinger T. (2003). Being no one: the self-model theory of subjectivity. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Metzinger T. (2003). Being no one: the self-model theory of subjectivity. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Richardson G.P. (1991). Feedback thought in social science and systems theory. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Richardson G.P. (1991). Feedback thought in social science and systems theory. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schutz A., Luckmann T. (1989). The structures of the life-world. Vol. 2. Evanston: Northwestern University Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schutz A., Luckmann T. (1989). The structures of the life-world. Vol. 2. Evanston: Northwestern University Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sztompka P. (1991). Society in action: the theory of social becoming. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sztompka P. (1991). Society in action: the theory of social becoming. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tarde G. (1898). Etudes de psychologie sociale. Paris: Giard et Briere.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarde G. (1898). Etudes de psychologie sociale. Paris: Giard et Briere.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thomas W.I., Thomas D.S. (1928). The child in America. New York: Knopf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thomas W.I., Thomas D.S. (1928). The child in America. New York: Knopf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Varela C. (2009). Science for humanism: the recovery of human agency. London: Routledge.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Varela C. (2009). Science for humanism: the recovery of human agency. London: Routledge.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">West D.J., Walk A. (1977). Daniel McNaughton: His trial and the aftermath. Ashford: Headley</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">West D.J., Walk A. (1977). Daniel McNaughton: His trial and the aftermath. Ashford: Headley</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
