In 1999, American researcher Robert T. Craig wrote his conceptual article Communication Theory as a Field,” which expanded the context of the discussion of “ disciplinary identity in the field of communication. In textbooks on communication theory at that time there was practically no agreement on what constituted her discussion field or what theories should be included in textbooks. This article, representing the field of communication, became the basis for four different textbooks on the theory of communication. Craig offers his vision of the theory of communication, which takes a huge step towards combining this rather heterogeneous field and solving its main problems. Towards this unifying vision, Craig focused on the theory of communication as a practical discipline and showed how different traditions of the theory of communication can be involved in a dialogue about the practice of communication and management. In this discourse, various scholars (S. Dietz, T. Taylor, P. Lazarsfeld, K. Arnold, N. Luhmann) enter into a dialogue on the practical refractions of communication theories. Following Craig, the author considers seven different traditions of the theory of communication in general terms and in more detail dwells on the sociopsychological and sociocultural approaches as the most promising in terms of management impact on the subject.

The paper represents a philosophical and sociological analysis of the development of a new interdisciplinary scientific direction “Communicology”, claiming the status of science. The authors note, that at present communicology is intensively constituted as the most important scientific direction, which sets as its task the systematic study of the structure, mechanisms, factors of the effectiveness of social interaction. A set of scientific and organizational measures has been implemented, in particular, the international Academy of communicology established and successfully operating under the guidance of F.I. Sharkov. The Academy regularly holds International conferences on this subject and publishes collections of works, textbooks and manuals from the cycle “Communicology”, included as a basic component in the standards of a number of training areas. Two high-rated journals are widely known in the country and abroad: “Communicology” and “Communicology: electronic scientific journal”. The article analyzes the information and communication technologies used by the media, 1 set out in the monograph of professors Felix Sharkov and Vladimir Silkin . The features of functioning of print and electronic mass media in the modern world are considered. Particular attention is paid to the development of the theory of information (mainly mass media) and the practice of journalism. The authors enter into a productive discussion on the development of theories of communicology and the interpretation of the term “communicology” at the University of Hawaii, as well as with the authors of the Norwegian Institute of Communicology, who consider it possible to describe a set of variables various communications and even all human activity.

The paper comprehensively explores the concept of communication. It highlights the relevance of visual images in the context of contemporary information culture and discloses the features of non-verbal messages. The novelty consists in author’s representation of the term “art communication”, based on the analysis of relevant sources. The concept of the “art message” is considered in-depth with particular focus on visual communication. Besides, the author reveals the differences between the visual message and the visual art message, and gives evidence to the importance of art communication within the context of modern communication environment. Special attention is paid to the consideration of aspects of human perception and the way it affects the interpretation of visual messages.

The article represents an interdisciplinary discussion on advertising and PR activities of the Lermontov Interdistrict PublicLibrary System of St. Petersburg, and reveals the specific communicative features and tools aimed at formation of publicity capital and attraction of young audience. For this purpose, and in order to identify the current image of the library system, the authors have carried out an analysis of the young audience. On this ground, the authors have systematized the resources that facilitate the formation of new image characteristics of the library, and elaborated the recommendations on the development and implementation of image campaigns

The article puts forward the author’s hypotheses about the genre nature of the modern journalistic text, which in the todays realities is embodied in the media format, corresponding to the conditions of ‘new media’. Forms of functioning of modern journalistic discourse presuppose communicative changes in the perception of social layers and groups of journalistic texts, which entails a change in approaches to the definition of the genre nature of the text in theoretical journalism. The author represents a detailed analysis of the history of transformation of genre classification of media discourse and marks out three types of journalistic discourse: news, analytical and journalistic, giving the generalized characteristic of their social and communicative influence. Special attention is paid to the communicative features of artistic and journalistic text, a comparative analysis of journalistic and literary texts; this question remains open both in the theory of literature and in the theory of journalism.

The paper is dedicated to the genesis of communication studies in the development of anthropo-techno sphere and digital technologies. The author reveals the most significant prospects for further complication of the structure of communicology, expanding its research capabilities in the study of socio-humanitarian projection of convergent technologies.

Distinctive feature of the modern media environment is its fragmentation. The work contributes to the current debate on whether there is a growing “dispersion” of the audience by an increasing number of small media channels or in the current environment continue to operate patterns of structuring media consumption, which were inherent in the media space in the “pre-digital” era? The theoretical and applied basis of the work is the concept of double losses (double-jeopardy) in the media market. It is argued that the phenomenon of mass media popularity is rooted in the nature of information behavior of individuals. With regard to the Russian situation, it was revealed that for TV channels with high coverage rates, there is a great loyalty of the audience.

Recognition at the legislative level of the need to conduct comprehensive studies of the information space of modern children updates the task of analyzing new risks and threats, and the development of integrative intersectoral approaches, the attempt of which is carried out by the authors of the article. The article represents a new concept of information noise as a risk factor in the information space of the child. In terms of the impact of digital culture on all aspects of social life the authors consider the main approaches to solving the problem of information pollution, as well as related to the informatization and mediatization of life concepts, the proposed ways of adaptation of children to a new space of adulthood, ranging from psychohygenic approaches to state-legal regulation. The correlation of the phenomenon of information noise with already established scientific categories and terms is considered in detail, the distinctive features of information noise as a factor of the space of development of the child, his mental and social well-being are indicated. The authors proceed from the correlation between the level of information noise, understood in close connection with the phenomenon of hyperstimulation of mental resources of children, and the occurrence of information stress (stress accumulation). Based on the analysis of existing approaches to the understanding of information noise, already established in science, and used in regulations terms, the authors formulate their own definition of information noise. Among the objectives of the development of the presented concept, the authors determine the establishment of patterns of formation of conditions, trends and trajectories of the adaptation strategies of the child’s informational behavior, ways of developing resistance to the influence of information noise, identifying the dependence of the child’s social portrait and risk

The article deals with communicative aspects of PR-services in government structures. The authors propose a system of criteria and indicators of the effectiveness of modern PR-services in public authorities, considered their theoretical and methodological testing in the Department of information policy of the Sverdlovsk region; conducted an empirical study of PR-activities of the department of information policy of the Sverdlovsk region by such methods as: analysis of documents, information materials, website, publications in the media, interviews with PR-service; identified the main problems. The conclusions formulated in the course of the research can be the basis for the organization of PR-service in the public authority or improvement of its activities. In addition, the results of the study can provide valuable information for further scientific development of public relations issues.

This scientific article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of fake news as a new way of misleading the audience. The author examines the meaning and origin of the term «fake news», of its semantic analogue («information hoax»), analyzes existing scientific approaches to the study of this phenomenon, illustrating the conclusions with examples of this phenomenon in the media, social networks and on Internet resources, as well as graphic analytical information - the results of their research, conducted in the course of training and practical exercises using the information-analytical system «Medialogia». The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that the phenomenon «fake news» is still poorly studied and modestly described in the scientific literature, therefore, the author of the article has attempted to analyze the theoretical, etymological and practical aspects of this phenomenon, as well as give his forecast for further development of this phenomenon and the necessary ways to control it, suggest ways to prevent and counter the effects of « fake news» (information hoaxes). The theoretical significance of the research lies in the author’s integrated approach to the object under consideration, which allows to identify the existing gaps in the theoretical and methodological aspect of studying it

This paper represents the basic solutions for creating reliable protection of the mass consciousness of the citizens of the Russian Federation from negative manipulative influences. An analysis of the actions and counter-actions of modern means of psychological weapons and ways to neutralize them are given. This protective complex, consisting of certain methods and technologies, is described in this work as a special type of opposition in the information space to aggressive influences that destroy and subordinate the collective mind. The method of protecting the consciousness of an individual and large groups of people is based on the technological and scientifically verified influence on the harmonious development of the younger generation and students

The article is devoted to the analysis of the sociopolitical and social phenomenon that dominated the life of Russian society in the pre-revolutionary period and the years of the Civil War of 1917-1922, known in expert circles as the “Russian street”. This phenomenon is marked by a significant dynamic of spontaneous protest moods, accompanied by moral and psychological problems, hunger, illness, the “horrors of life” of the protracted war, the inability of the tsarist and then the Provisional Governments to reverse the situation that gives Russians a sense of hopelessness, bitterness and hopelessness. At the same time, the “street” served as a center of a certain type of democracy, where everyone could take part in political life, demand recognition and feel the course of history. Workers from the outskirts of large cities who went to their centers thus declared the streets “ their own”, while acts against well-dressed people served as an expression of “self- affirmation and public authority”. As the economic crisis increased, the number of thefts, robberies and murders in the capital and large cities grew. In the post-October period, lynching, “pogroms of wine” spread, city streets became even more “kingdom” of refugees and homeless people, including beggars, criminals, young homeless. The de-urbanization process that began, as evidence of the desperate situation of the townspeople, their outflow to the villages, undermined the social base of the working class, curtailed its political activity, protests of this kind more and more often poured out into the streets, expressions of dissatisfaction, disappointment and even resistance prevailed. Calls not to forget about the historical significance of the proletarian revolution and the bright future, solidarity and patience did not act on the workers. Strikes at factories and plants periodically continued throughout the entire Civil War. Western experts are not inclined to romanticize these protests, believing that the myth of a rational and disciplined proletariat was thus dispelled, and the Bolshevik government began to rule more and more on its behalf. Moreover, the working class in the person of its avant-garde RCP (b) turned into the ruling party, participated in the creation of the state apparatus at all levels, which gave it the right to solve the acute problems that arose with the use of violent methods, replacing political methods in time as the discontent grew. Prof. Paul Avrich called the striking feat of the Bolsheviks their success in curbing the rush of the working masses to a chaotic utopia.